TAFSEER SURAH SAFF CONTINUES
By Shaikh Abdullah Faisal
Sept 04 2013 Wednesday
Noted Writing by AT7
& AT38
Edited By AT6 and
Abu Hafiza 4
16. THE
MUSLIMS HAVE UPRIGHT ROLE MODELS
-A role model is a mentor someone
you look up to
It is
not sufficient for us to read books to learn our Deen
-
because anyone whose books become his sheikh, the Shaitaan becomes his sheikh.
-We need
a live personality to mentor us in our Deen and teach us our Deen
-sometimes
your mentor is alive, sometimes he is dead
If you
ask Muslims who affected their lives most they will say Muhammad (saw)
WHO ARE
THE MENTORS OF THE MUSLIMS?
They are the 5 strong-willed
prophets:
1.
MUHAMMAD (saw)
2.
IBRAHIM (AS)
3. MUSA (AS)
4. ISA (AS)
5. NUH (AS)
We shall
arrange these 5 Prophets in regards to their greatness.
1.
MUHAMMAD (saw)
2.
IBRAHIM (AS)
3. MUSA (AS)
4. EESA (AS)
5. NUH (AS)
-Allah
commanded the Prophet Muhammad to be patient like the strong willed Prophets in
the following ayah:
Therefore
be patient (O Muhammad SAW) as did the Messengers of strong will and be in no
haste about them (disbelievers). On the Day when they will see that (torment)
with which they are promised (i.e. threatened, it will be) as if they had not
stayed more than an hour in a single day. (O mankind! This Qur'an is sufficient
as) a clear Message (or proclamation to save yourself from destruction). But
shall any be destroyed except the people who are Al-Fasiqun (the rebellious,
disobedient to Allah).
(Al-Ahqaf
46:35)
Allah
told the prophet (saw) to be firm and resolute like the 4 strong willed
prophets that came before him.
-Allah
asked him to have sabr like the ululazeem
-Allah
mentioned the 5 strong willed Prophets in the following ayah.
And
(remember) when We took from the Prophets their covenant, and from you (O
Muhammad SAW), and from Nuh (Noah), Ibrahim (Abraham), Musa (Moses), and 'Iesa
(Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary). We took from them a strong covenant.
(Al-Ahzab
33:7)
Concerning
Muhammad (saw) and his character, Allah said:
Indeed
in the Messenger of Allah (Muhammad SAW) you have a good example to follow for
him who hopes in (the Meeting with) Allah and the Last Day and remembers Allah
much.
(Al-Ahzab
33:21)
And verily, you (O Muhammad SAW)
are on an exalted standard of character.
(Al-Qalam 68:4)
He it is
Who sent among the unlettered ones a Messenger (Muhammad SAW) from among
themselves, reciting to them His Verses, purifying them (from the filth of
disbelief and polytheism), and teaching them the Book (this Qur'an, Islamic
laws and Islamic jurisprudence) and Al-Hikmah (As-Sunnah: legal ways, orders,
acts of worship, etc. of Prophet Muhammad SAW). And verily, they had been
before in mainfest error;
(Al-Jumu'ah
62:2)
Abu
Huraira narrated the Messenger of Allah (SAW) said, "I was sent to perfect
good character."
[al-Adab
al-Mufrad al-Bukhari, No. 273, Muwatta Malik (2/75) No. 1885, Musnad Ahmad
(2/381) No. 8939, Mustadrak al-Haakim (2/670) No. 4221]
-You can
tell about a person's Imaan by looking at their character
-It is
easy to have the right Aqeeda but good character is difficult to achieve and
because of this the Prophet said the heaviest thing on the scale will be a good
character
-Good
character is the heaviest thing on the scale on Day of Judgment.
I have
met many people with right Aqeeda but they smoke Ganja and commit zina.
Narrated
By Abu Darda': The Prophet (SAW) said: "There is nothing heavier than good
character put in the scale of a believer on the Day of Resurrection."
[Sunan
Tirmidhi (4/363) No. 2002, Sunan Abu Dawud (4/253) No. 4799, Musnad Ahmad (6/446)
No. 27557]
The
SIXTH role model of the Muslims is ABU BAKR AS SIDDIQ
THE
MERITS OF ABU BAKR AS SIDDIQ
-The prophet (saw) said:
Narrated
By Abu Said Al-Khudri...Allah's Apostle said, "The person who has favoured
me most of all both with his company and wealth, is Abu Bakr. If I were to take
a Khalil other than my Lord, I would have taken Abu Bakr as such, but (what
relates us) is the Islamic brotherhood and friendliness. All the gates of the
Mosque should be closed except the gate of Abu Bakr."
[Al-Bukhari
(3904) and Muslim (2382)]
Narrated
By Jubair bin Mutim: A woman came to the Prophet who ordered her to return to
him again She said, "What if I came and did not find you?" as if she
wanted to say, "If I found you dead?" The Prophet said, "If you should
not find me, go to Abu Bakr."
[Sahih
Bukhari, Vol 5, Book 57, Hadith 011]
Narrated
by Hudhaifa that the Messenger of Allah (SAW) said, “Follow the example of
those who come after me: Abu Bakr and 'Umar.”
[Sunan
Tirmidhi (5/609) No. 3662, Musnad Ahmad (5/382) No. 23293, Mustadrak al-Haakim
(3/79) No. 4451]
THE QUR'ANIC VERSES THAT WERE
REVEALED CONCERNING ABU BAKR
There
are many Qur'anic verses that were revealed for Abu Bakr during hijrah, Abu
Bakr was the travel companion of the prophet and when the kuffaar of Quraish
were pursuing them, they stood by the cave where they were in so Abu Bakr got
scared that they would see them but the prophet told him not to be afraid and
Allah revealed the ayah above to give them tranquillity
If you
help him (Muhammad SAW) not (it does not matter), for Allah did indeed help him
when the disbelievers drove him out, the second of two, when they (Muhammad SAW
and Abu Bakr) were in the cave, and he (SAW) said to his companion (Abu Bakr):
"Be not sad (or afraid), surely Allah is with us." Then Allah sent
down His Sakinah (calmness, tranquillity, peace, etc.) upon him, and
strengthened him with forces (angels) which you saw not, and made the word of
those who disbelieved the lowermost, while it was the Word of Allah that became
the uppermost, and Allah is All-Mighty, All-Wise.
(At-Tawbah
9:40)
-Ayah
3:181 was revealed for Abu Bakr (r.a)
Indeed,
Allah has heard the statement of those (Jews) who say: "Truly, Allah is
poor and we are rich!" We shall record what they have said and their
killing of the Prophets unjustly, and We shall say: "Taste you the torment
of the burning (Fire)."
(Aali
Imran 3:181)
(Verily
Allah heard the saying of those who said…) [3:181]. ‘Ikrimah, al-Suddi and
Muqatil ibn Ishaq related that, one day, Abu Bakr al-Siddiq entered a Jewish
place of study and found a group of Jewish people gathered around one of them
called Finhas ibn ‘Azura, who was one of their doctors. Abu Bakr said to
Finhas: “Fear Allah and embrace Islam, for by Allah you know well that Muhammad
is the Messenger of Allah who has brought the truth to you from Allah.
He is
mentioned in your Torah; so believe and accept the truth and grant Allah a
goodly offering and He will make you enter the Garden and multiply your
reward”. Finhas responded: “O Abu Bakr, you claim that our Lord is asking us to
lend Him our wealth. Yet, it is only the poor who borrow from the rich. And if
what you say is true, it follows that Allah is poor and we are rich, for if He
were rich He would not ask us to lend Him our wealth”.
Abu
Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be well pleased with him, became very angry and
struck the face of Finhas with a mighty blow. He then said to him: “By Him in
whose Hand is my soul, if it were not for the treaty between us, O enemy of
Allah, I would have killed you”. Finhas went to the Messenger of Allah, Allah
bless him and give him peace, and said: “O Muhammad! Look at what your
companion has done to me”.
The Messenger of Allah, Allah blesses
him and gives him peace, asked Abu Bakr: “What has driven you to do what you
have done?” He said: “O Messenger of Allah, this enemy of Allah has said
something very serious. He claimed that Allah is poor and they are rich. I
therefore got angry for the sake of Allah and hit his face”. But Finhas denied
that he ever uttered those words, and so Allah, exalted is He, revealed this
verse (Verily Allah heard the saying of those who said…) to give the lie to
Finhas and to confirm that Abu Bakr al-Siddiq said the truth.
‘Abd al-Qahir ibn Tahir informed
us> Abu ‘Amr ibn Matar> Ja‘far ibn al-Layth al-Ziyadi> Hudhayfah Musa
ibn Mas‘ud> Shibl> Ibn Abi Najih> Mujahid who said: “This verse was
revealed about the Jews; Abu Bakr, may Allah be well pleased with him, had
struck the face of one of their men who said ‘Allah is poor and we are rich’ ”.
Shibl commented: “I was informed that this man was Finhas the Jew, and it is
also this man who said: (Allah’s hand is fettered) [5:64]”.
[Asbab Al-Nuzul by Al-Wahidi,
trans. Mokrane Guezzou]
-Ayah
3:181 was revealed for Abu Bakr (r.a) after he punched the Jew in the face for
saying Allah is poor but they are rich.
The
following ayahs was also revealed for Abu Bakr.
As for
him who gives (in charity) and keeps his duty to Allah and fears Him,
(Al-Lail
92:5)
And believes in Al-Husna.
(Al-Lail 92:6)
We will
make smooth for him the path of ease (goodness).
(Al-Lail 92:7)
-Husna in the ayah above means
la ilaha illallah
The
other ayah:
And by
the Mercy of Allah, you dealt with them gently. And had you been severe and harsh
hearted, they would have broken away from about you; so pass over (their
faults), and ask (Allah's) Forgiveness for them; and consult them in the
affairs. Then when you have taken a decision, put your trust in Allah,
certainly, Allah loves those who put their trust (in Him).
(Al
Imran 3:159)
-the commentators of the Qur'an
have agreed that this refers to Abu Bakr
-The following 4 ayahs were
revealed for Abu Bakr
He who spends his wealth for
increase in self-purification,
(Al-Lail 92:18)
And have
in his mind no favour from anyone for which a reward is expected in return,
(Al-Lail
92:19)
Except
only the desire to seek the Countenance of his Lord, the Most High;
(Al-Lail
92:20)
He surely will be pleased (when
he will enter Paradise).
(Al-Lail 92:21)
-One day
Abu Bakr was feeding poor people and Abu Jahl was passing by and saw him
-and he
berated Abu Bakr for feeding people.
-Because
of this incident, Allah revealed the following ayah.
And when
it is said to them: "Spend of that with which Allah has provided
you," those who disbelieve say to those who believe: "Shall we feed
those whom, if Allah willed, He (Himself) would have fed? You are only in a
plain error."
(Ya-Sin
36:47)
-Abu
Jahl asked Abu Bakr why he was feeding the poor people that
it was the will of Allah that they are poor
-but Abu
Bakr explained to him that Allah bless some people with wealth and some people
are tested with poverty.
And
those who are rich should help those who are poor.
-Abu
Jahl said Islam is a strange religion so he will never embrace Islam so he died
as a kaafir at the battle of Badr.
- The
Prophet said in the following hadith about Abu Jahl, verily he was the pharaoh
of this Ummah.
It is
related from `Abd Allah b. Mas`ûdIbn Mas`ûd that the Prophet (peace be upon
him) said to him about AbûJahl: "He is the Pharaoh of this
community."
The
hadîth is related in Musnad Ahmad (3824, 3825, 4246 and 4247) and Sunan
al-Nasâ'î al-Kubrâ (8617).
-When
Aisha was slandered in Medina, one of the people who participated in the
slander was Mistah.
- Abu
Bakr used to help Mistah financially because he was poor and he was a cousin of
Abu Bakr.
-Abu
Bakr swore by Allan not to help Mistah anymore.
-Because
of the oath of Abu Bakr not to help Mistah anymore, Allah revealed the
following ayah:
And let
not those among you who are blessed with graces and wealth swear not to give
(any sort of help) to their kinsmen, Al-Masakin (the poor), and those who left
their homes for Allah's Cause. Let them pardon and forgive. Do you not love
that Allah should forgive you? And Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.
(An-Nur
24:22)
-Aisha
got slandered at the battle of Banu Mustalliq
- so Abu
Bakr swore by Allah not to give him any more financial assistance
-So
Allah revealed Surah24:22 to tell Abu Bakr to forgive Mistah so that Allah will
forgive him, Abu Bakr.
-The
following hadith is about the story of Mistah:
Narrated
By Az-Zuhri: I heard 'Urwa bin Az-Zubair, Said bin Al-Musaiyab, 'Alqama bin
Waqqas and 'Ubaidullah bin 'Abdullah bin 'Uqba relating from 'Aisha, the wife
of the Prophet the narration of the people (i.e. the liars) who spread the
slander against her and they said what they said, and how Allah revealed her
innocence. Each of them related to me a portion of that narration. (They said
that 'Aisha said), ''Then Allah revealed the ten Verses starting with: 'Verily!
Those who spread the slander...' (24.11-21) All these verses were in proof of
my innocence.
Abu
Bakr As-Siddiq who used to provide for Mistah some financial aid because of his
relation to him, said, "By Allah, I will never give anything (in charity)
to Mistah, after what he has said about 'Aisha" Then Allah revealed: 'And
let not those among you who are good and are wealthy swear not to give (any sort
of help) to their kins men...' (24.22) On that, Abu Bakr said, "Yes, by
Allah, I like that Allah should forgive me." and then resumed giving
Mistah the aid he used to give him and said, "By Allah! I will never
withhold it from him."
[Sahih
Bukhari, Vol 8, Book 78, Hadith #670]
Narrated
By 'Aisha: The mother of the faithful believers: Allah's Apostle in his last
illness said, "Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in the prayer." I
said, "If Abu Bakr stood in your place, he would not be able to make the
people hear him owing to his weeping. So please order 'Umar to lead the
prayer." He said, "Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in the
prayer." I said to Hafsa, "Say to him, 'Abu Bakr is a soft-hearted
man and if he stood in your place he would not be able to make the people hear
him owing to his weeping. So order 'Umar to lead the people in the prayer.'
" Hafsa did so but Allah's Apostle said, "Keep quiet. Verily you are
the companions of (Prophet) Joseph. Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in the
prayer." Hafsa said to me, "I never got any good from you."
[Sahih
Bukhari, Vol 1, Book 11, Hadith #684]
UMAR is
the seventh role model of the Muslims.
THE
MERITS OF UMAR AL KHATTAB
-Umar
was the second caliph of Islam and his conversion to Islam brought strength to
the Muslim community.
-There
are many hadiths about his merits.
-The
following are a few:
Uqbah
ibn Aamir (RA) reported that Allah’s Messenger (SAW) said, “If there were to be
a Prophet after me then he would be Umar ibn Al-Khattab.”
[Musnad
Ahmad (4/154) No. 17441, Sunan Tirmidhi (5/619) No. 3686, Mustadrak al-Haakim
(3/92) No. 4495]
‘Aishah
reported that the Prophet (SAW) used to say, “Among the nations who came before
you there were people who were muhaddathoon (inspired). If there is anyone like
this in my ummah, it is ‘Umar ibn al-Khattaab.”
[Narrated
by al-Bukhari (3469) and Muslim (2398)]
Narrated
by Hudhaifa that the Messenger of Allah (SAW) said, “Follow the example of
those who come after me: Abu Bakr and 'Umar.”
[Sunan
Tirmidhi (5/609) No. 3662, Musnad Ahmad (5/382) No. 23293, Mustadrak al-Haakim
(3/79) No. 4451]
-It was
after the conversion of Umar that the Muslims became brave enough to pray
publicly.
Sayyiduna
‘Abdullah ibn Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “If the Islam of
Umar was an opening his migration was a victory and his leadership mercy. I
swear by Allah that we were unable to pray at the Ka’aba public ally until Umar
became Muslim.”
[Al-Mustadrak
'ala al-Sahîhayn, Vol. 3, Page 90 Hadith 4487]
Hamza
b. Abdullah b. 'Umar b. Khattab reported on the authority of his father that
Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) said: While I was asleep I saw (in a
dream) a cup containing milk bein. presented to me. I took out of that until I
perceived freshness being reflected through my nails. Then I presented the
leftover to 'Umar b. Khattab. They said: Allah's Messenger: how do you
interpret it? He said: This implies knowledge.
[Sahih
Muslim Book 031, Number 5887 ]
-Imam
Nawawi said Umar was one of the sahabas who stood firmly besides the Prophet at
the Battle of Uhud
"Indeed,
Allah has placed truth upon Umar`s tongue and heart."
[Sunan Tirmidhi,
Hadith 2682]
Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) said: By Him in Whose Hand is my life, if Satan
would encounter you (Umar) in the way he would certainly take a different way
from that of yours.
[Sahih
Muslim Book 031, Number 5887]
Whosoever
defames these 2 Sahaba does not love Prophet Muhammad (saw)
Muhammad
ibn Sirin said: I do not suppose that a man who defames Abu Bakr (RA) and Umar
(RA) loves the Prophet (salall aho alaihi wa salaam)
[Tirimdhi,
Hadith No. 3705 , Dar ulIshaat], Imam Abu Isa al Tirimdhi (rah) said: The
Hadith is Hasan Gharib.]
-There
are many ayahs that were revealed concerning Umar.
-It was
Umar who suggested to the Prophet to take Maqaam Ibrahim as a place for salah.
-Then
Allah revealed the following ayah to agree with Umar.
And
(remember) when We made the House (the Ka'bah at Makkah) a place of resort for
mankind and a place of safety. And take you (people) the Maqam (place) of
Ibrahim (Abraham) [or the stone on which Ibrahim (Abraham) stood while he was
building the Ka'bah] as a place of prayer (for some of your prayers, e.g. two
Rak'at after the Tawaf of the Ka'bah at Makkah), and We commanded Ibrahim
(Abraham) and Isma'il (Ishmael) that they should purify My House (the Ka'bah at
Makkah) for those who are circumambulating it, or staying (I'tikaf), or bowing
or prostrating themselves (there, in prayer).
(Al-Baqarah
2:125)
-It is
because of what Umar suggested, Allah revealed the above mentioned ayah
commanding the Muslims to take the Maqaam of Abraham as a place of prayer.
On the
authority of Anas Ibn Malik that 'Umar bin Al-Khattab (RA) said: "My Lord
agreed with me in three things:
(1) I
said, "O Messenger of Allah, I wish we took the station of Abraham as our
praying place (for some of our prayers). So came the Divine Inspiration: ...And
take you (people) the Maqam (place) of Ibrahim (Abraham) [or the stone on which
Ibrahim (Abraham) stood while he was building the Ka'bah] as a place of prayer
(for some of your prayers, e.g. two Rak'at after the Tawaf of the Ka'bah at
Makkah)... (Al-Baqarah 2:125).
(2) And
as regards the (verse of) the veiling of the women, I said, 'O Messenger of
Allah! I wish you ordered your wives to cover themselves from the men because
good and bad ones talk to them.' So the verse of the veiling of the women was
revealed.
(3)
Once the wives of the Prophet made a united front against the Prophet and I
said to them, 'It may be if he (the Prophet) divorced you, (all) that his Lord
(Allah) will give him instead of you wives better than you.' So this verse (the
same as I had said) was revealed." (At-Tahrim 66:5).
[Sahih
Bukhari (1/89) No. 402]
On the
authority of Ibn Umar reported Umar as saying: “My Lord concurred with (my
judgments) on three occasions. In case of the Station of Ibrahim, in case of
the observance of veil and in case of the prisoners of Badr”
[Sahih
Muslim (4/1865) No. 2399]
Allah
(swt) revealed this ayah in concurrence to what Umar suggested
-It was
Umar who suggested to the Prophet for Muslim women to wear hijab
-So
Allah revealed the following verses about hijab.
O
Prophet! Tell your wives and your daughters and the women of the believers to
draw their cloaks (veils) all over their bodies (i.e.screen themselves
completely except the eyes or one eye to see the way). That will be better,
that they should be known (as free respectable women) so as not to be annoyed.
And Allah is Ever Oft¬Forgiving, Most Merciful.
(Al-Ahzab
33:59)
Umar was
the one who suggested that the women should wear hijab
And tell
the believing women to lower their gaze (from looking at forbidden things), and
protect their private parts (from illegal sexual acts, etc.) and not to show
off their adornment except only that which is apparent (like palms of hands or
one eye or both eyes for necessity to see the way, or outer dress like veil,
gloves, head-cover, apron, etc.), and to draw their veils all over Juyubihinna
(i.e. their bodies, faces, necks and bosoms, etc.) and not to reveal their
adornment except to their husbands, their fathers, their husband's fathers,
their sons, their husband's sons, their brothers or their brother's sons, or
their sister's sons, or their (Muslim) women (i.e. their sisters in Islam), or
the (female) slaves whom their right hands possess, or old male servants who
lack vigour, or small children who have no sense of the shame of sex. And let
them not stamp their feet so as to reveal what they hide of their adornment.
And all of you beg Allah to forgive you all, O believers, that you may be
successful.
(An-Nur
24:31)
-Please
bear in mind that the niqab is Sunnah.
-So Muslim
women who expose their faces are not being sinful.
-At the
Battle of Badr, the Prophet had 70 captives and Umar suggested in the shura
meeting that he should kill them.
-But the
Prophet accepted the opinion of Abu Bakr to set them free if they pay a ransom.
- Then
Allah revealed the following ayah to agree with Umar.
It is
not for a Prophet that he should have prisoners of war (and free them with
ransom) until he had made a great slaughter (among his enemies) in the land.
You desire the good of this world (i.e. the money of ransom for freeing the
captives), but Allah desires (for you) the Hereafter. And Allah is All-Mighty,
All-Wise.
(Al-Anfal
8:67)
The
Muslims that day (i. e. the day of the Battle of Badr) killed seventy persons
and captured seventy. The Messenger of Allah (SAW) said to Abu Bakr and 'Umar
(Allah be pleased with them): What is your opinion about these captives? Abu
Bakr said: They are our kith and kin. I think you should release them after
getting from them a ransom. This will be a source of strength to us against the
infidels It is quite possible that Allah may guide them to Islam. Then the
Messenger of Allah (SAW) said: What is your opinion. Ibn Khattab? He said:
Messenger of Allah. I do not hold the same opinion as Abu Bakr. I am of the
opinion that you should hand them over to us so that we may cut off their
heads. Hand over 'Aqil to 'Ali that he may cut off his head, and hand over such
and such relative to me that I may but off his head. They are leaders of the
disbelievers and veterans among them.
The
Messenger of Allah (SAW) approved the opinion of Abu Bakr and did not approve
what I said The next day when I came to the Messenger of Allah (SAW), I found
that both he and Abu Bakr were sitting shedding tears. I said: Messenger of
Allah, why are you and your Companion shedding tears? Tell me the reason.
For I
will weep ate, if not, I will at least pretend to weep in sympathy with you.
The Messenger of Allah (SAW) said: I weep for what has happened to your
companions for taking ransom (from the prisoners). I was shown the torture to
which they were subjected. It was brought to me as close as this tree. (He
pointed to a tree close to him.)
Then
God revealed the verse:" It is not befitting for a prophet that he should
take prisoners until the force of the disbelievers has been crushed..." to
the end of the verse:" so eat ye the spoils of war, (it is) lawful and
pure. So Allah made booty lawful for them."
[Sahih
Muslim (3/1383-1385) No. 1763]
-Umar
was preaching strict al wal aa wal baraa
-he
wanted brothers from among the Muslims to be given the responsibility to kill
their kaafir blood brothers
-the
Rasul thought that was too harsh and took ransom
-When
fitna broke out between the wives of the Prophet due to their jealousy, Umar
rebuked them and told them that Allah may replace them with wives better than
them.
-Then
Allah revealed the following ayah to agree with Umar:
It may
be if he divorced you (all) that his Lord will give him instead of you, wives
better than you, Muslims (who submit to Allah), believers, obedient to Allah,
turning to Allah in repentance, worshipping Allah sincerely, fasting or
emigrants (for Allah's sake), previously married and virgins.
(At-Tahrim
66:5)
Narrated
By 'Umar: The wives of the Prophet out of their jealousy, backed each other
against the Prophet, so I said to them, "It may be, if he divorced you
all, that Allah will give him, instead of you wives better than you." So
this Verse was revealed. (66:5)
[Sahih
Bukhari (6/158) No. 4916]
-Allah
revealed 66:5 supporting his view
-When
the leader of the hypocrites of Madina, Abdullah ibn Ubayy, died the Prophet
stood up to pray janazah over him
-Umar
objected because he was a munafiq but the Prophet still prayed over him
-And
Allah revealed the following ayah to agree with Umar:
And
never (O Muhammad SAW) pray (funeral prayer) for any of them (hypocrites) who
dies, nor stand at his grave. Certainly they disbelieved in Allah and His
Messenger, and died while they were Fasiqun (rebellious, - disobedient to Allah
and His Messenger SAW).
(At-Tawbah
9:84)
Ibn
Umar (RA) narrated: Abdullah son of Abdullah ibn Ubayy came to Allah’s
Messenger (SAW) when his father died, and said, ‘Give me your shirt that I may
shroud him in it, and offer his funeral Salah and seek forgiveness for him.”
So, he gave him his shirt and said, “When you are over (with preparations),
call me.” When he intended to offer the Salah,
Umar
pulled him, saying, “Has not Allah forbidden us to pray over the hypocrites?”
He said, “I am between two options either to seek forgiveness for them or not
to seek forgiveness for them”, and he offered Salah over him. So Allah
revealed. "And never offer a prayer on any one of them who dies, and do
not stand by his grave."
(At-Tawbah
9:84) [al-Bukhari (1269) and Muslim (2774)]
UTHMAN -
THE POSSESSOR OF TWO LIGHTS
THE
MERITS OF UTHMAN
'Abdullah
ibn 'Umar ibn Aban al-Ju'fi said: My paternal uncle Husayn al-Ju'fi said to me:
"O my son, do you know why 'Uthman was called Dhu al-Noorayn (the one with
the two lights)?" I said: "I do not know." He said: "No one
else was ever married to two daughters of a Prophet, from the time Allah
created Adam until the Hour will begin, except 'Uthman. Hence he was called Dhu
al-Noorayn."
[Al-Sunan
al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi (7/115-116) No. 13427]
He was
the only man to marry two daughters of the rasul (saw)
'Aisha
reported: Allah's Messenger (SAW) was lying in the bed in my apartment with his
thigh or his shank uncovered that Abu Bakr sought permission to get in. It was
given to him and he conversed in the same very state (the Prophet's thigh or
shank uncovered). Then 'Umar sought permission for getting in and it was given
to him and he conversed in that very state. Then 'Uthman sought permission for
getting in; Allah's Messenger (SAW) sat down and he set right his clothes.
Muhammad (one of the narrators) said: I do not say that it happened on the same
day. He ('Uthman) then entered and conversed and as he went out, 'Aisha said:
Abu Bakr entered and you did not stir and did not observe much care (in
arranging your clothes), then 'Umar entered and you did not stir and did not
arrange your clothes, then 'Uthman entered and you got up and set your clothes
right, thereupon he said:
Should
I not show modesty to one whom even the Angels show modesty.
[Sahih
Muslim, Book 31, Hadith #5906]
-he was
a very shy person and the rasul will cover his thigh in his presence
Sayyidna
Abdur Rahman ibn Khabbab (RA) narrated: I observed the Prophet (salall aho
alaihi wa salaam) while he was encouraging (people) for the army ill-equipped
(for the battle of Tabuk). Uthman ibn Affan (RA) stood up and said, “O
Messenger of Allah! On me are a hundred camels loaded with their cloths and
saddles in the path of Allah.”. He continued to urge the people forward and
Uthman (RA) got up and said. “O Messenger of Allah, I am bound to provide two
hundred camels with their cloths and saddles in Allah’s path.” As the Prophet
carried on his appeal, Uthman Ibn Affan (RA) got up and said, “O Messenger
of Allah On me are three hundred camels with their cloth and saddles in Allah’s
path.” I observed Allah’s Messenger (salall aho alaihi wa salam) get down
from the pulpit, saying the while: (Say) Nothing against UTHMAN WHATEVER
HE DOES AFTER THIS
[Sunnan
al Tirimdhi Hadith No. 3720] – Imam Abu Isa Tirimdhi (rah) said: This Hadith is
(Hasan) Gharib (i.e. rare but authentic)
Hatred
for Uthman(R.A) brings down the Anger of Allah
Sayyidna
Jabir (ra) reported that funeral of a man was brought before the Prophet (salall
aho alaihi wa salam) that he may lead the funeral salah. But he did not pray
over it. Someone said: O Messenger of Allah, we have never seen you neglect the
salah over anyone before this. He said: he bore hatred for
Uthman, so Allah is angry with him
[Sunnah
Tirimdhi Hadith No. 3729]
Angels
show modesty towards Uthman (R.A)
A'isha reported: Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) was lying in the bed in my apartment with his thigh or his shank uncovered that Abu Bakr sought permission to get in. It was given to him and he conversed in the same very state (the Prophet's thigh or shank uncovered). Then 'Umar sought permission for getting in and it was given to him and he conversed in that very state. Then 'Uthman sought permission for getting in; Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) sat down and he set right his clothes. Muhammad (one of the narrators) said: I do not say that it happened on the same day. He ('Uthman) then entered and conversed and as he went out, A'isha said: Abu Bakr entered and you did not stir and did not observe much care (in arranging your clothes), then 'Umar entered and you did not stir and did not arrange your clothes, then 'Uthman entered and you got up and set your clothes right, thereupon he said: Should I not show modesty to one whom even the Angels show modesty.
A'isha reported: Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) was lying in the bed in my apartment with his thigh or his shank uncovered that Abu Bakr sought permission to get in. It was given to him and he conversed in the same very state (the Prophet's thigh or shank uncovered). Then 'Umar sought permission for getting in and it was given to him and he conversed in that very state. Then 'Uthman sought permission for getting in; Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) sat down and he set right his clothes. Muhammad (one of the narrators) said: I do not say that it happened on the same day. He ('Uthman) then entered and conversed and as he went out, A'isha said: Abu Bakr entered and you did not stir and did not observe much care (in arranging your clothes), then 'Umar entered and you did not stir and did not arrange your clothes, then 'Uthman entered and you got up and set your clothes right, thereupon he said: Should I not show modesty to one whom even the Angels show modesty.
[Book
031, Number 5906:Sahih Muslim]
Glad tidings of Paradise for Uthman
Narrated Abu Meanwhile I was with the Prophet in one of the
gardens of Medina, a man came and asked me to open the gate. The Prophet said
to me, "Open the gate for him and give him the glad tidings that he will
enter Paradise." I opened (the gate) for him, and behold! It was Abu Bakr.
I informed him of the glad tidings the Prophet had said, and he praised Allah.
Then another man came and asked me to open the gate. The Prophet said to me
"Open (the gate) and give him the glad tidings of entering Paradise."
I opened (the gate) for him, and behold! It was 'Umar. I informed him of what
the Prophet had said, and he praised Allah. Then another man came and asked me
to open the gate. The Prophet said to me. "Open (the gate) for him
and inform him of the glad tidings, of entering Paradise with a calamity which
will befall him. "Behold ! It was 'Uthman, I informed him of what
Allah's Apostle had said. He praised Allah and said, "I seek Allah's
Aid."
[Sahih Al Bukhari Volume 5, Book 57, Number 42]
Narrated
By Ibn 'Umar: We used to compare the people as to who was better during the
lifetime of Allah's Apostle. We used to regard Abu Bakr as the best, then
'Umar, and then 'Uthman.
[Sahih Bukhari,
Vol 5, Book 57, Hadith 007]
ALI IBN
ABI TALIB (R.A)
THE
MERITS OF ALI IBN TALIB
-The Holy
Prophet put Ali in charge of Madina while he was away on the Tabuk expedition.
Narrated
By Sad: Allah's Apostle set out for Tabuk.appointing 'Ali as his deputy (in
Medina). 'Ali said, "Do you want to leave me with the children and
women?" The Prophet said, "Will you not be pleased that you will be
to me like Aaron to Moses? But there will be no Prophet after me."
[Sahih
Al Bukhari, Vol 5, Book 59, Hadith #700]
-Allah
granted victory to the Muslims at the battle of Khaibar under the leadership of
Ali.
Narrated
By Sahl: On the day (of the battle) of Khaibar the Prophet said, "Tomorrow
I will give the flag to somebody who will be given victory (by Allah) and who
loves Allah and His Apostle and is loved by Allah and His Apostle." So,
the people wondered all that night as to who would receive the flag and in the
morning everyone hoped that he would be that person. Allah's Apostle asked,
"Where is 'Ali?" He was told that 'Ali was suffering from
eye-trouble, so he applied saliva to his eyes and invoked Allah to cure him. He
at once got cured as if he had no ailment. The Prophet gave him the flag. 'Ali
said, "Should I fight them till they become like us (i.e. Muslim)?"
The Prophet said, "Go to them patiently and calmly till you enter the
land. Then, invite them to Islam, and inform them what is enjoined upon them,
for, by Allah, if Allah gives guidance to somebody through you, it is better
for you than possessing red camels."
[Sahih
Bukhari, Vol 4, Book 52, Hadith #253]
-at
Khaibar he was given the flag and he opened it and victory came through him
Believers
love Ali and hypocrites nurse grudge against him
Zirr
reported: 'Ali observed: By Him Who split up the seed and created something
living, the Apostle (may peace and blessings be upon him) gave me a promise
that No one but a believer would love me, and none but a hypocrite would
nurse grudge against me.
[Sahih
Muslim Book 001, Number 0141]
-he was
married to the favourite daughter of the rasul, Fatima (r.a)
Narrated
By Jabir: The Prophet said, "Who will bring me the information about the
enemy on the day (of the battle) of Al-Ahzab (i.e. Clans)?" Az-Zubair
said, "I will." The Prophet said again, "Who will bring me the
information about the enemy?" Az-Zubair said again, "I will."
The Prophet said, "Every Prophet had a disciple and my disciple is
Az-Zubair."
[Sahih
Al Bukhari, Vol 4, Book 52, Hadith #99]
ZUBAIR
IBN AWWAAM - THE DISCIPLE
Narrated
By Jabir: The Prophet said, "Who will bring me the information about the
enemy on the day (of the battle) of Al-Ahzab (i.e. Clans)?" Az-Zubair
said, "I will." The Prophet said again, "Who will bring me the
information about the enemy?" Az-Zubair said again, "I will."
The Prophet said, "Every prophet had a disciple and my disciple is
Az-Zubair."
[Sahih
Bukhari, Vol 4, Book 52, Hadith #99]
ABU
UBAIDAH IBN AL JARRAH (R.A) - THE TRUSTWORTHY OF THE UMMAH
On the
authority of Anas bin Malik (RA) who reported that the Messenger of Allah (SAW)
said: "For every Ummah there is an Amin (trustee) and the Amin (trustee)
of our Ummah is Abu 'Ubaidah bin Al-Jarah."
[Narrated
by al-Bukhari (3744) and Muslim (2419)]
He chop
off the head of his father at the battle of BADR
-many
people can't do this
HASSAN
IBN ALI (R.A)
Narrated
Abu Bakra: I heard the Prophet talking at the pulpit while al-Hasan was sitting
beside him, and he (i.e. the Prophet) was once looking at the people and at another
time Al-Hasan, and saying, "This son of mine is a Saiyid (i.e. chief) and
perhaps Allah will bring about an agreement between two sects of the Muslims
through him."
[Sahih
Bukhari (5/26) No. 3746]
-He
brought about peace in the Muslim Ummah by giving up his caliphate
and the Ummah prospered
-the
rasul praised this action of his
-but
some people thought otherwise and poisoned him claiming he is a traitor
Abu
Sa’eed (RA) reported that Allah’s Messenger (SAW) said, “Hasan and Hussain are
the chief of the youth of paradise.”
[Musnad
Ahmad (3/3) No. 11012, Sunan Tirmidhi (5/656) No. 3768, Mustadrak al-Haakim
(3/182) No. 4778]
HUSSEIN
IBN ALI (R.A)
Hassan
and Hussein will be the two chiefs of the youths of Jannat
Abu
Sa’eed (RA) reported that Allah’s Messenger (SAW) said, “Hasan and Hussain are
the chief of the youth of paradise.”
[Musnad
Ahmad (3/3) No. 11012, Sunan Tirmidhi (5/656) No. 3768, Mustadrak al-Haakim
(3/182) No. 4778
THE FOUR
SPECIAL WOMEN OF PARADISE
1.
MARYAM BINT IMRAN (A.S)
2.
AASIYA - THE WIFE OF THE PHAROAH
3.
KHADIJAN BINT KHUWAILIT (R.A)
4.
FATIMA BINT MUHAMMAD (R.A)
The
rasul is distinguished here because two of the women are from his household
-Khadijah
will given a palace in paradise made of pearls
-Allah
will also give her salam
-Fatima
(r.a) will be the chief of the women of paradise
Narrated
By 'Ali: I heard the Prophet saying, "Mary, the daughter of 'Imran, was
the best among the women (of the world of her time) and Khadija is the best
amongst the women. (of this nation)."
[Al-Bukhari (3432) and Muslim (2430)]
On the
authority of Ibn 'Abbas: "The Messenger of Allah (SAW) drew four lines and
said, 'Do you know what these are?' They said, 'Allah and His Messenger know
best.' He (SAW) said, 'The best women of the women of Jannah are Khadeejah bint
Khuwaylid, Fatimah bint Muhammad, Maryam bint Imraan and Aasiyah bint Muzahim
the wife of Pharaoh.'"
[Musnad
Ahmad (1/293) No. 2668, al-Mu'jam al-Kabir al-Tabarani (22/407) No. 1019,
Mustadrak al-Haakim (3/174) No. 4754; al-Haakim said this hadith has Sahih
isnaad but they (Two Shaikhs) did not narrate it; adh-Dhahabi graded this
Sahih]
Narrated
By Abu Huraira: Gabriel came to the Prophet (SAW) and said, "O Allah's
Messenger! This is Khadija coming to you with a dish having meat soup (or some
food or drink). When she reaches you, greet her on behalf of her Lord (i.e.
Allah) and on my behalf, and give her the glad tidings of having a Qasab palace
in Paradise wherein there will be neither any noise nor any fatigue (trouble)."
[Al-Bukhari
(3820) and Muslim (2432)]
Umm
Salamah reported that Allah’s Messenger (SAW) called Fatimah (RA) in the year
of the conquest and confided something to her. She wept. Then he conversed with
her and she laughed. When Allah’s Messenger (RA) died, she asked her about her
weeping and her laughing, she said, “Allah’s Messenger informed me that he
would die, so I wept. Then, he told me that I was the chief of the women of
paradise, with the exception of Maryam, daughter of Imran, so I laughed.
(Tirmidhi
3919)
THE
MERITS OF MUAWIYA
-Muawiya
was the brother in law of the Prophet because the Prophet was married to his
sister, Umm Habiba.
-Muawiya
was a scribe of the Prophet because he used to write down the Qur’an as it was
revealed.
- It’s
because of this he was given the title Kaatib al wahi.
- Kaatib
al wahi is the scribe for the revelation of Allah.
- He was
firmly grounded in knowledge of Qur’an and Sunnah.
Narrated
By Ibn Abi Mulaika: Somebody said to Ibn 'Abbas, "Can you speak to the
chief of the believers Muwaiya, as he does not pray except one Rak'a as
Witr?"Ibn 'Abbas replied, "He is a Faqih (i.e. a learned man who can
give religious verdicts)."
[Sahih Al Bukhari, Vol 5, Book 57, Hadith 109]
